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Cortical Thickness in bilingual and monolingual children: Relationships to language use and language skill
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In: Neuroimage (2021)
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Abstract:
There is a growing body of evidence based on adult neuroimaging that suggests that the brain adapts to bilingual experiences to support language proficiency. The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study is a useful source of data for evaluating this claim during childhood, as it involves data from a large sample of American children. Using the baseline ABCD Study data collected at ages nine and ten, the goal of this study was to identify differences in cortical thickness between bilinguals and monolinguals and to evaluate how variability in English vocabulary and English use within bilinguals might explain these group differences. We identified bilingual participants as children who spoke a non-English language and were exposed to the non-English language at home. We then identified a matched sample of English monolingual participants based on age, sex, pubertal status, parent education, household income, non-verbal IQ, and handedness. Bilinguals had thinner cortex than monolinguals in widespread cortical regions. Within bilinguals, more English use was associated with greater frontal and parietal cortical thickness; greater English vocabulary was associated with greater frontal and temporal cortical thickness. These findings replicate and extend previous research with bilingual children and highlight unexplained cortical thickness differences between bilinguals and monolinguals.
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Keyword:
Article
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URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8543704/ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118560 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34506917
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Inconsistency of Findings due to Low Power: A Structural MRI Study of Bilingualism
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In: Brain Lang (2019)
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Anterior insular thickness predicts speech sound learning ability in bilinguals.
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In: NeuroImage, vol 165 (2018)
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Becoming a balanced, proficient bilingual: Predictions from age of acquisition & genetic background
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Symbiosis, Parasitism and Bilingual Cognitive Control: A Neuroemergentist Perspective
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Bilingualism Influences Structural Indices of Interhemispheric Organization.
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Bilingual Cortical Control of Between- and Within-Language Competition
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Anterior insular thickness predicts speech sound learning ability in bilinguals☆
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Degree of Foreign Accent in Bilingual Children Predicts Surface Area of the Bilateral Superior Temporal Gyrus ...
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Individual differences in the bilingual brain: The role of language background and DRD2 genotype in verbal and non-verbal cognitive control
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Bilingualism Influences Structural Indices of Interhemispheric Organization
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Neural Correlates of Single Word Reading in Bilingual Children and Adults
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Beyond the bilingual advantage: The potential role of genes and environment on the development of cognitive control
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